python必背代码大全

学习Python编程时,掌握一些常用的代码片段是非常有帮助的。

基础语法

Hello World:

python
print("Hello, world!")

变量赋值:

python
x = 10 name = "Alice"

条件语句:

python
if x > 5: print("x is greater than 5") else: print("x is less than or equal to 5")

循环:

python
for i in range(5): print(i)

函数定义:

python
def greet(name): print("Hello,", name)

数据结构

列表:

python
my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

字典:

python
my_dict = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

元组:

python
my_tuple = (1, 2, 3)

集合:

python
my_set = {1, 2, 3, 4}

文件操作

读取文件:

python
with open('file.txt', 'r') as f: contents = f.read()

写入文件:

python
with open('file.txt', 'w') as f: f.write("Hello, file!")

异常处理

异常处理:

python
try: result = 10 / 0 except ZeroDivisionError: print("Cannot divide by zero")

函数式编程

使用map:

python
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] squared = list(map(lambda x: x**2, numbers))

使用filter:

python
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] even_numbers = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers))

模块与包

导入模块:

python
import math

自定义模块:

python
# mymodule.py def say_hello(): print("Hello from my module!")

使用第三方库:

python
# 安装requests库:pip install requests import requests response = requests.get('https://www.example.com')

这些代码片段涵盖了Python的基础语法、常用数据结构、文件操作、异常处理、函数式编程、模块与包等方面。通过熟练掌握这些代码,可以帮助你更好地理解和应用Python编程语言。

文件操作

逐行读取文件:

python
with open('file.txt', 'r') as f: for line in f: print(line)

字符串操作

字符串拼接:

python
name = "Alice" greeting = "Hello, " + name + "!"

字符串格式化:

python
name = "Bob" age = 30 message = "My name is {} and I am {} years old".format(name, age)

类与面向对象编程

类的定义与实例化:

python
class Dog: def __init__(self, name): self.name = name def bark(self): print(self.name + " says Woof!") my_dog = Dog("Buddy") my_dog.bark()

继承与多态:

python
class Animal: def speak(self): pass class Dog(Animal): def speak(self): print("Woof!") class Cat(Animal): def speak(self): print("Meow!") my_dog = Dog() my_cat = Cat() my_dog.speak() my_cat.speak()

并发与异步编程

使用多线程:

python
import threading def print_numbers(): for i in range(5): print(i) thread = threading.Thread(target=print_numbers) thread.start()

使用asyncio进行异步编程:

python
import asyncio async def count(): print("One") await asyncio.sleep(1) print("Two") async def main(): await asyncio.gather(count(), count(), count()) asyncio.run(main())

数据处理与科学计算

使用NumPy进行数组操作:

python
import numpy as np arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) print(arr)

使用Pandas进行数据分析:

python
import pandas as pd data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie'], 'Age': [25, 30, 35]} df = pd.DataFrame(data) print(df)

这些代码片段涵盖了更多Python的方面,包括字符串操作、类与面向对象编程、并发与异步编程、数据处理与科学计算等。通过掌握这些代码,你可以更全面地利用Python进行各种编程任务。